10 Construction Site Safety Tips

June is National Safety Month, so what better time to provide a few construction site safety tips for workers and employers. (It’s also National Accordion Awareness Month and Adopt a Shelter Cat Month for anyone who was curious.)

For these safety tips, we focused on OSHA’s Top 10 Most Frequently Cited Standards in Construction. For each standard cited we have a brief explanation of the standard or hazard along with some general tips for workers to keep in mind along with some of the requirements for employers to follow in order to provide a safe work environment for their employees.

ss11. Subpart M – Fall Protection – 1926.501 Duty to Have Fall Protection.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 7,133

Duty to have fall protection is the most cited standard in the construction industry and is one of the leading causes of worker deaths in construction. Employers need to do a better job of assessing job sites and implementing fall protection systems to protect workers.

Workers: Workers should familiarize themselves with all potential fall hazards on a job site. Never work in an area where fall protection systems have yet to be installed. Workers using personal fall arrest systems should inspect them before each use to ensure they are working properly and are free of damage. The lanyard or lifeline should be short enough to prevent the worker from making contact a lower level in the event of a fall. This means taking into account the length of the lanyard, length of dynamic elongation due to elastic stretch and the height of the worker.

Employers: Employers are required to provide fall protection systems to protect their workers on walking or working surfaces with unprotected edges or sides that are six feet above a lower level. Fall protection can include guardrails, safety net systems and personal fall arrest systems. Guardrails are the only method approved that actually prevents falls from occurring. Safety nets and personal fall arrest systems prevent workers from falling a great distance.

Fall protection includes protecting workers from falling into holes such as elevator shafts and skylights as well as excavations. Employers are also required to protect workers from falling objects by requiring hard hats be worn by workers and by installing toeboards, screens or guardrails, erecting canopies or barricading the area to keep workers out.

ss22. Subpart L – Scaffolds – 1926.451 General Requirements.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 4,492

Approximately 65% of all construction workers perform work on scaffolds. Employees performing work on and around scaffolding are exposed to falls, electrocutions and falling object hazards.

Workers: Hard hats should be worn when working on, under or around a scaffold. Workers should also wear sturdy, non-skid work boots and use tool lanyards when working on scaffolds to prevent slips and falls and to protect workers below. Workers should never work on scaffolding covered in ice, water or mud. Workers are prohibited from using boxes, ladders or other objects to increase their working height when on a scaffold.

Workers should never exceed the maximum load when working on scaffolds. Never leave tools, equipment or materials on the scaffold at the end of a shift. Workers should not climb scaffolding anywhere except for the access points designed for reaching the working platform. Tools and materials should be hoisted to the working platform once the worker has climbed the scaffold.

If personal fall arrest systems are required for the scaffold you will be working on, thoroughly inspect the equipment for damage and wear. Workers should anchor the system to a safe point that won’t allow them to free fall more than six feet before stopping.

Employers: All scaffolding should be designed, erected and disassembled by a competent person. A competent person should also inspect scaffolding before the start of work each day to ensure that it is safe for use.

Scaffolding should be erected on solid footing, fully planked and at least 10 feet away from power lines. Scaffolding should be erected with guardrails, midrails and toeboards to protect employees working on, under and around scaffolding.

ss33. Subpart X – Stairways and Ladders – 1926.1053 Ladders.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 2,662

Improper ladder use is one of the leading causes of falls for constructions workers resulting in injury or death. Reasons for ladder falls include incorrect ladder choice, failure to properly secure the ladder and attempting to carry tools and materials by hand while climbing.

Workers: Always maintain three points of contact while ascending and descending a ladder, that’s both feet and at least one hand. Portable ladders should be long enough to be placed at a stable angle extend three feet above the work surface. Workers should tie ladders to a secure point at the top and bottom to avoid sliding or falling. Tools and materials should be carried up using a tool belt or a rope to pull things up once you’ve stopped climbing. Never load ladders beyond their rated capacity, including the weight of the worker, materials and tools.

Employers: A competent person should inspect all ladders before use each day. Defective ladders should be marked or tagged out and taken out of service until they can be properly repaired. Workers should be trained on ladder safety and know how to select the proper ladder for the job. All ladders on the construction site should conform to OSHA standards. This includes job-made ladders, fixed ladders and portable ladders, both self-supporting and those that aren’t. If workers are using energized electrical equipment, ladders should have nonconductive side railings.

ss44. Subpart M – Fall Protection – 1926.503 Training Requirements.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 1,584

It’s not a surprise that the top four most frequently cited OSHA standards in construction have to do with protecting workers from falls. Falls are the leading cause of fatalities in construction, accounting for nearly 40% of all worker deaths. Providing proper and ongoing training to workers can go a long way in reducing the number of falls suffered at the construction site.

Workers: Workers should be able to recognize the hazards of falling and know the procedures to follow to minimize hazards and prevent falls.

Employers: A competent person is required to provide training to all employees that might be exposed to fall hazards. Again, this should cover all employees because at some point nearly everyone on the construction site is exposed to a fall hazard of some type. Topics of the training program should include the nature of fall hazards present on the construction site, proper erection, inspection and maintenance of fall protection systems, use of fall protection systems and personal fall arrest systems and the role of the employee in safety monitoring and the fall protection plan.

Employers are also required to maintain certification records of fall protection planning for all employees. Retraining is required for changes that render prior training obsolete and instances where it is apparent that a worker has not retained enough knowledge from the training program to ensure their safety.

ss55. Subpart E – Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment – 1926.102 Eye and Face Protection.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015:1,349

OSHA recently updated their standard covering eye and face protection in construction with the new rule going into effect in April 2016.

OSHA requires that workers be provided with and wear face and eye protection when there are eye or face hazards present from flying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids or caustic liquids, chemical gasses or vapors, or potentially injurious light radiation. These hazards are present when doing a variety of task on the job site such as welding, chipping, grinding, masonry work, sanding, woodworking and drilling. When flying object hazards are present, eye protection must be equipped with side protection or be fitted with detachable side protectors.

Workers: When wearing eye and face protection, workers should make sure that they don’t interfere with their movements and fit snugly on their faces. Eye and face protection should be kept clean and in good repair. Workers should inspect face and eye protection before use to ensure it is free of cracks, chips and other damage. Eye and face protection that becomes damaged should be replaced immediately.

Employers: Employers are required to provide eye and face protection to workers free of charge. Eye and face protection must meet one of the following consensus standards: ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R01998), ANSI Z87.1-2003 or ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2010 requirements. Employers should issue eye and face protection to workers based on an assessment of anticipated hazards. If workers have prescription lenses, employers are required to make sure that they have eye protection that incorporates the prescription or that can be worn over the corrective lenses without disturbing them.

ss66. Subpart E – Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment – 1926.100 Head Protection.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 1,143

Hard hats are commonplace at the construction site. They protect workers a number of hazards such as falling and flying objects, electrical shock and other impacts.

Workers: Workers are required to wear head protection wherever there is the potential for being struck in the head, which is basically the entire time you are on the construction site. Possible scenarios include falling tools or debris, accidental nail gun discharge, contact with electrical hazards or swinging construction equipment. Workers should inspect their hard hat for any cracks, dents or any signs of deterioration. Hard hats should fit snugly on your head and not come loose during normal movements or work activities.

Employers: Employers are responsible for providing all employees with head protection that meets consensus standards outlined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) or is constructed in accordance with one of those consensus standards. Employers are not allowed to charge employees for the cost of head protection or require them to provide their own hard hat unless they do so voluntarily. Hard hats should be kept in good condition and be replaced immediately if they suffer a heavy blow or electric shock.

ss77. Subpart Z – Toxic and Hazardous Substances – 1910.1200 Hazard Communication.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 1,001

This is a general industry standard that focuses on requirements for employers that have hazardous chemicals in their workplace. Some examples of hazardous materials commonly found at construction sites include lead, silica, asbestos and treated wood or wood that will be cut and generate dust. Certain building materials also contain hazardous chemicals such as zinc, cadmium, beryllium and mercury.

Workers: Workers should be able to read and use Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for any hazardous chemical being used at the construction site. Employees should wear proper PPE when handling hazardous chemicals and should clean up any spill when they occur.

Employers: Employers are required to implement a written hazard communication program that includes an inventory of all hazardous chemicals used at the site. All container of hazardous substances must have a hazard warning and be labeled. Employers should have an MSDS available for each hazardous substance. Employees should be trained regarding the risk of all hazardous chemicals along with proper handling instructions.

ss88. Subpart C – General Safety and Health Provisions – 1926.020 General Safety and Health Provisions.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 932

The purpose of this standard is to protect construction workers from being required to “work in surroundings or under working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to his health or safety” by contractors and subcontractors.

Workers: The key takeaway from this standard for workers is that they should know that there are protections in place for their safety while working on the construction site. This includes receiving proper training for specific job duties and being provided with personal protective equipment (PPE). Workers should never operate any machinery or equipment if they have not been properly and adequately trained on its safe operation.

Employers: Employers are required to implement safety programs in order to protect workers and prevent accidents. A competent person(s) is required to provide inspections of job sites, equipment and materials and includes ensuring that non-compliant tools and machinery are taken out of use by locking or tagging or removing them from the job site Construction standards take precedence over any similar or applicable general industry standard.

In addition to providing necessary PPE to employees at no cost, employers are also required to provide training to all employees on hazards and all related matters for construction standards applicable to a worker’s job duties.

ss99. Subpart L – Scaffolds – 1926.453 Aerial Lifts.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 857

Aerial lifts fall under scaffolding and are vehicle-mounted devices used to elevate workers such as articulating and extendable boom platforms, vertical towers and aerial ladders. Hazards associated with the use of aerial lifts include fall and ejections from the lift platform, tip-overs and structural failures of the lift, electric shock, contact with overhead objects or ceiling and being struck by objects falling from lifts.

Workers: Workers must be trained and authorized in order to operate an aerial lift. Inspect all vehicle and lift components based on the manufacturer’s recommendations before operating an aerial lift to ensure it is in safe working condition. Never operate a lift if any component is missing, damaged or appears defective.

Always stand on the floor of the lift platform or bucket when working, never use a ladder or other device to increase your working height. Make sure that your harness or restraining belt and lanyard are securely attached to the boom or bucket and that they are in good working condition.

Never exceed the load capacity or the vertical and horizontal reach limits of the lift. Lower the lift platform when driving the lift and stay at least 10 feet away from overhead lines.

Employers: Employers should ensure that all workers operating aerial lifts receive proper training before being authorized to use them and provide retraining in the event a worker has an accident while operating a lift, hazards are discovered, a different type of lift is being used or if the workers are observed improperly operating a lift.

In addition to ensuring that all aerial lifts are in good operating condition, employers are also responsible for having work zones inspected for hazards including holes or unstable surfaces, overhead obstructions, inadequate ceiling heights and slopes or ditches. Employers should also have power lines de-energized when possible when workers are in the vicinity.

ss1010. Subpart M – Fall Protection – 1926.502 Fall Protection Systems Criteria and Practices.
Number of Citations Issued in FY2015: 759

This standard covers all of the requirements and provisions for the different types of fall protection required by OSHA. It covers items like guardrail height requirements and minimum tensile strength for components of personal fall arrest systems. This standard also covers requirements for covers over holes and openings and provisions for establishing controlled access zones.

Workers: Workers should be aware of potential fall hazards as well as what fall protection systems have been put in place to protect them. If workers are using personal fall arrest systems, they should inspect them for wear and ensure that all components are in good working order and that the harness properly fits.

Employers: Employers are required to install all required fall protection systems before any employees begin work. Employers should remember that they are also responsible for protecting workers from falling objects with either toeboards, canopies or guardrails. If using a safety monitoring system, the safety monitor should be a competent person who remains on the same walking or working surface and in visual sight and hearing distance from the worker they are monitoring. They should be able to identify fall hazards and warn workers when they are working unsafely or may be unaware of a fall hazard.

If conventional fall protection methods laid out by OSHA are infeasible or create a greater hazard and a worker is performing leading edge work, precast concrete erection or residential construction work, the employer must have a fall protection plan. The plan must be site specific and developed by a qualified person. In areas where conventional methods cannot be used must be classified as controlled access zones and only workers designated to perform work there are allowed to enter.

Work Smart, Be Safe!

118 thoughts on “10 Construction Site Safety Tips

  1. Very informative article and a great refresher course of items that we tend to get complacent on. Thanks and look forward to further articles.

    1. Thanks, Rick. Glad you found it useful. We’ll be covering more safety topics in future posts.

    1. You’re welcome, glad you enjoyed it. Totally agree that every firm should practice “Safety First” when it comes to protecting workers.

  2. I didn’t know that there were so many possible hazardous materials that can be found in building materials. I’d heard of asbestos, of course, but things like mercury and cadmium are news to me. I guess I’m going to need to get a hold of the pros next time I need to clean out an old room. Thanks for the heads up!

  3. Construction is an important field. I am looking to find safety tips to keep construction workers safe while on the job. I like the point that mentioned the importance of hard hats. I think that safety goggles are also a must.

    1. Thanks for the comment, Jade. All applicable safety equipment should be properly worn and be in good working condition. Having a safety program, continued training of workers and adhering to safety best practices are a must.

  4. thank you very good topic well covered safety first needs to be our paramount goal Very……………… informative article and a great refresher course of items that we tend to get complacent on. Thanks and look forward to further articles.l in our industry.,,,,,,, and one more thing this that plese tell me how to improve the workers tranning to do very safly work in job sites spclly worker place…..

    1. Thanks for the comment. I think constant reinforcement and ongoing training with hands-on exercises is a great way to handle safety training.

  5. It is interesting to read the specifics about this. These types of rules protect people and allow projects to move smoothly without anyone getting hurt. Do the standards change for mining or drilling situations? Thank you!

    1. Brooke, thanks for the comment. The most commonly cited OSHA standards for mining under the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Code: 21 Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction which you can find here are completely different from those for construction. For starters, the construction industry has a separate set of standards, as do agriculture and maritime work. Other industries are covered under the general industry standards.

  6. Very useful and descriptive article. This could be helpful for creating awareness among the workers and employers about the risks in construction site and to take some measures to avoid them. I really liked some of the tips like : head protection and airlift training. Looking forward for some more posts.

  7. Very educative and full of useful information needed to make use of while working in construction site. All the tips are paramount to be observed while working in construction if it can be fully observed and implemented, it will reduce accident-incident in the construction site to tolerable level.

  8. I can see why it would be so important to have workers not stand on boxes, ladders, or other height-increasing object while on a scaffold. I can see why this would help prevent any physical injury while working on a project. It probably would be a good idea to make sure you have enough scaffolding to be able to reach a good couple feet above the highest point of the building. That way you know for sure you can reach everything you need to.

  9. This is a great list!

    On regards to fall protection, another fantastic option in the lineup is the self retracting lanyard. For those tricky areas above 6 feet but short enough for a traditional lanyard to not fully arrest a fall, these devices can be a pinch hitter.

    They are a little more pricey, but offer a lot of solutions.

  10. I never knew that there was so much to keep in mind when working on a construction site, especially with industrial equipment. This information would be perfect for anyone who might be new to construction and might be worried about safety! It is nice to know that they are taking so many precautionary measures to ensure the worker’s safety. Thanks again!

  11. Great post! Would you believe that construction workers are SEVEN TIMES more likely to die on the job than a police officer?

  12. Nice article. Construction sites are hazardous places indeed. We need to keep our wits about us at all times!

    Construction workers also need to take precautions to avoid back pain on site too. This is a massive problem in our industry and leads to so many days off work every year.

    I’ve got a blog with advice helping tradespeople to reduce their back pain on site if you’d like to check it out? It’s at http://www.backonsite.com/

    Stay safe out there everyone!

  13. Good Article. Me being a safety Engineer felt good after reading this. The Best thing is the descriptive and arranged way this article is written.

  14. I think we should add fire safety into the above tips. It is because there will be welding work done on almost all construction site.
    This hazard is obvious and becomes the major hazard in such field.
    If the construction job is done in an existing factory, then the fire hazard level will be higher because flammable liquid may already exist.

    1. Thanks for the comment, Hauzan. Excellent point about adding fire safety to the list of things to watch out for.

  15. I like that you talked about never using a ladder if you are already on a lift. It does make sense to remain stable, especially when working with something dangerous, like electricity lines. I have been wondering about how to stay safe, because I’ve been thinking about getting a job that requires working on a lift. I’ll be sure to keep this in mind, thanks so much for the information!

  16. This is a great berakdown! We’re redeveloping our safety standards and we will be using a few of these, thanks!

  17. Nice and helpful article!
    These are realy good construction safety tips..
    thanks for top quality article.

  18. Great…………………
    Thanks for your tips and these are very useful and very company needs to take pre safety measures for their workers.

    1. Thanks for the comment, these safety tips are based on OSHA regulations in the U.S. but the tips are fairly universal for keeping workers safe.

  19. It was nice that you focused on both what is the worker’s responsibility is and the employer’s as well. I’ve always wondered how that was divided. From the sound of it, I think you’re right that employers are the ones who provide the way for a safer environment.

  20. Thank you for talking about construction safety because I feel like this cannot be stressed enough. I had a buddy who was almost hit by a falling beam because someone was not watching or communicating effectively. Just like you said here, hard hats are very commonplace at a worksite but at the same time can be easily forgotten or misused. Thanks for the post!

  21. this page was really helpful.
    every other Wednesday I talk to a bunch of guys about safety in a plumbing meeting.
    I will be taking the things that I learn and talking about them in the meeting. Thanks for everything.

  22. Thanks for helping me understand more about construction site safety! One thing that you said that I liked was that you should make sure that the workers know all the potential fall hazards on the job site. A friend of mine is thinking about working in construction, and I think that this would help him stay safe. Thanks!

  23. Nice article. I agree that because Construction site safety plays a very important role for maintaining worker safety on a job site. People working with heavy equipments and power tools are responsible for maintaining safe operations. All construction safety equipment must be in good working condition and people on the job site need to be well trained to perform their roles and job duties.

  24. Thanks for talking about some security measure that workers and employers should know. I think that fall protection sound extremely important. Hiring a security consultant could help you find potential risks that need to be sorted out.

  25. Really thorough article here thanks for sharing. This is a resource I will revisit from time to time because you share some great info. Thanks again.

  26. Fall prevention, collapse prevention and overall safety initiatives are incredibly important to ALL construction divisions. This is a great outline addressing both the individual and employer considerations!

  27. ya, I totally agree with what you have mentioned about the safety of employee is a must criteria that every construction company should follow. and every engineer must protect their head by using the helmets. as far as you are following these rules then you are good to go. but ignoring these safety features will be very costly in terms of your life. so please wear all the necessary types of equipment as well as follow all the guidelines that may save your life in future. make these things your habit so you will not forgot any of these rules. and this is the great article sharing with my friend so they will also know this and take care of their lives.

  28. Good post regarding safety. There are places where people and workers have to be careful. Wearing proper safety equipment and following safety procedures is the best way for safety.

  29. I really like the rule of always having three points of contact when you are climbing up or down a ladder. I don’t work on a construction site, but recently I was doing some home renovations around the house and I fell off of our ladder getting to the roof! I wish I would’ve known the three points of contact rule before I fell off of our ladder!

  30. Construction safety is becoming a hot topic these days as many fatalities are taking place at construction sites. The construction workers need to essentially use PPE while working. The blog perfectly explains on what the workers can do to avoid construction accidents. For more updates on construction industry, visit: http://www.bimengus.com/services/engineering-services
    Thank you!

  31. It sure got me when you said that in order to ensure the safety of the workers, it is best to examine the equipment pieces first before letting the staff work with them. This made sense, especially since we are only planning to lease the materials. There is a possibility that they have been in use for a long time. In order to keep my people safe, I have to inspect them one by one. Thanks!

  32. Safety nets are always a good idea to prevent falls and can be used on scaffolds as well.

  33. Making sure that the crane you are using is safe before you use it is extremely important. Safety equipment inspections are important since you are lifting hundreds or more pounds of material at a time and cannot have a failure. At my work, we are really stressing safety right now, so I agree that it is essential to have fall prevention mechanisms.

  34. Thanks for sharing this article! You have given some useful information about some security measure that workers and employers should know. I think that fall protection sound extremely important. Hiring a security consultant could help you find potential risks that need to be sorted out.

  35. I’m glad you mentioned that it’s important to develop a site-specific safety plan for your construction site. My friend is needing to rent some land on which to build equipment for his building project. I’ll be sure to recommend that he find a construction yard for rent that will allow him to implement safety strategies and keep all the other contractors as safe as possible so their work can be efficient. Thank you!

  36. Great Post, Very informative. You explain construction safety tips in a very well manner. Keep on sharing tips like this

  37. Thanks for such informative blog. Like it a lot. To prevent from accidents explosion proof camera help us.

  38. Thank you for this well written and well researched article Kendall. I am looking for a content writer to help me with posts for our blog. Please email me if you are interested. All the best!

  39. I like that you talked about workers keeping their eye and face protection clean and in good repair. If I worked on a construction site where there were dangerous hazards, I would be sure to keep my personal protective equipment in check. These measures seem like they would be particularly useful when building commercial businesses or digging wells.

  40. This is a very well written post, my compliments. The ultimate goal for the construction industry is to reduce workplace accidents, injuries and death rate. The only way to reduce accidents is to discuss ways to improve construction safety services and ensuring the rules are followed.Totally agree that every firm should practice “Safety First” when it comes to protecting workers.
    https://www.hite-engineering.com/construction-safety-and-design

  41. Usually, quality gets associated with brands, country of origin, material components, etc. High-quality tools get jobs done perfectly, keep injury low and save money on the long run on replacement cost.

  42. Very useful and descriptive article. This could be helpful for creating awareness among the workers and employers about the risks in construction site and to take some measures to avoid them. I really liked some of the tips like : head protection and airlift training. Looking forward for some more posts.

  43. Will be using this site and its blog posts for future training and education. Thanks for sharing this helpful info!

  44. Very important points on safety procedures. Apart from wearing safety equipment there is one more important thing and that is factory safety signs which gives information and warning for the safety of that place and people.

  45. Health and safety are very important while you are on workplace. Using right safety products such as safety clothing, harnesses etc, can help reduce the risk in the workplace. The right safety tools can make a huge difference in the workplace and helps in avoiding unnecessary accidents.

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